Living with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes

November 14th is World Diabetes Day. Unfortunately, diabetes has been on the rise both in Canada and around the world. Over 3 million people in Canada are living with either Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes.
Do you know the difference? Type 1 diabetes is when the body no longer produces any insulin while type 2 diabetes is when the body is unable to produce enough insulin or when the insulin that is produced does not work properly. Type 1 affects only 10% of the diabetic population while type 2 affects the remaining 90%.
Managing diabetes with exercise
Anyone living with diabetes, whether it’s Type 1 or Type 2, can benefit tremendously from exercise. Regular exercise will help maintain target levels of blood glucose, cholesterol and blood pressure.
Diabetes Canada recommends that people with diabetes engage in aerobic, resistance and balance exercises. More specifically, Diabetes Canada suggests:
- 150 minutes of aerobic exercise per week spread over 3 days, with no more than 2 days in a row without exercise
- Resistance exercises 3 times per week
Aerobic exercise consists of exercises that raise your heart rate such as biking, walking, jogging, swimming or water aerobics. This type of exercise can help lower your blood glucose levels. Anaerobic exercise (short, quick sprints) can also elevate your blood glucose levels without taking any glucose.
Resistance exercises, such as weightlifting, push-ups or sit-ups, are exercises that force your muscles to work repeatedly to overcome an opposing force. If time management is a concern, you should know that just 20 minutes of resistance training twice a week can lead to improvements in body weight and blood sugar levels.
Lastly, balance exercises, such as weight shifts or single-leg balancing, can also have many benefits, including improving your posture, increasing your mobility and reducing back and joint pain.
Monitoring blood glucose
It's important for people living with diabetes to remember to monitor their blood glucose before, during and after exercising.
You can also carry with you fast-acting carbohydrates such as glucose tablets or Life Savers just in case you’re low on blood sugar.
A smartphone app like DiaBits or an activity tracker watch can help you track your steps, minutes of exercise, heart rate intensity and carbohydrates. A continuous glucose monitor (CGM), a tiny sensor that’s placed under the skin, can also be a useful piece of technology that can help you make adjustments before you develop either low or high blood sugar.
If you’re starting to exercise again after being inactive for some time, talk to a healthcare professional before you start any exercise program. You should also make sure to wear shoes that are comfortable and fit you properly.
There are lots of aerobic, resistance and balance exercises you can perform at home. Many of these exercises require minimal equipment and offer maximum benefits. A physiotherapist can help you build an individualized exercise plan that’s right for you and your diabetes.
If you’d like to consult a Lifemark clinician, check out our Locations page to find a clinic near you or book online to schedule an appointment.
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